REMEMBER that fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen,
The Emperor’s New Clothes? When swindlers persuaded the emperor to buy
an invisible suit, he was delighted to parade naked through the streets
because they told him: “Your Majesty, to a wise man this is a beautiful
raiment but to a fool it is absolutely invisible.”
By: Chris Roycroft-Davis
Damien Hirst’s famous shark in formaldehyde divides opinion
What do you suppose the Danish story-teller would make of the
fools today who clamour to pay vast sums for what is laughingly called
“modern art” and who can’t see it’s actually just pretentious junk.
The “genius” Damien Hirst was exposed just like the emperor when his
monstrous statue of a half-flayed pregnant woman was erected on the
seafront at Ilfracombe. While the art world worshipped at Hirst’s feet, a
boy of nine was asked his verdict on the “masterpiece” and declared:
“It’s a bit rude, a bit weird.” Precisely.
Rude? Yes. Weird? Yes. Art? Do me a favour. Self-indulgent, ego-inflating, overrated and over-priced rubbish more like.
Why do we allow a 67ft-high bronze statue of a cut-open pregnant
woman to pollute the seafront in Devon? For that matter, why do we
permit a giant angel with wings outstretched to dominate the skyline
south of Gateshead? Or a grotesque four-armed mermaid outside the
Scottish town of Cumbernauld?
Dominated by the cult of celebrity
If you or I had come up with these “artistic” visions we’d have been laughed at.
The difference is that Verity the pregnant lady is the creation of
Damien Hirst, who may or may not know much about art but who certainly
knows how to encourage rich fools to part with their money.
The Angel of the North is a work by Antony Gormley, another artist whose works command exorbitant prices.
He describes its meaning thus: “Is it possible to make a work with
purpose in a time that demands doubt? I wanted to make an object that
would be a focus of hope at a painful time of transition for the people
of the North-east, abandoned in the gap between the industrial and the
information ages.”
His angel has certainly demanded doubts, principal of which is: “Was this statue really worth the money?”
Considering almost £600,000 of it was lottery money that’s a perfectly reasonable doubt.
There must be similar open mouths around Cumbernauld, where £250,000
of public money has been sunk into an aluminium mermaid that stands 33ft
high next to the A80.
Andy Scott’s creation is supposed to help breathe new life into the
town – but as one local resident put it the money would have been better
spent burning down the town centre.
What was that giant steel monstrosity in the Olympic Park all
about? It cost a staggering £19million with thankfully only £3million
coming from taxpayers. But how could anyone ever think a jumbled metal
mess was worth so much?
Because its creator Anish Kapoor once won a Turner prize someone got the idea his pile of scrap was a good buy.
That’s the nub of the problem: art today is dominated by the culture
of celebrity and is too often judged by how much it costs rather than
what it achieves. I’m a great admirer of Charles Saatchi, who helped
create some of Britain’s most memorable advertising campaigns (remember
“Labour Isn’t Working” in the Eighties?) but I do worry that he’s got
more money than sense.
He paid £150,000 for a work by Tracey Emin called Unmade Bed,
which did exactly what it said on the tin: it was a dirty, dishevelled
pit littered with dog ends, condoms and underwear that had seen better
days.
If that’s art then I’m rich, because my three kids have each got a priceless creation just as good in their bedrooms.
The whole art con was exposed last week by one of America’s foremost
critics Dave Hickey, who has quit the business because of its obsession
with fame and fortune. Hickey says anyone who has “read a Batman comic”
can make a career for themselves in art so there’s hope for me even
though I can’t even draw a straight line. Actually, the fact I can’t
draw a straight line probably makes me well qualified.
One problem is that when everything you do is hailed as genius
and even a used handkerchief could command a high value, there’s no
incentive to be self-critical. Just keep churning out the dross and find
a sucker who’ll write a large cheque.
When BBC Arts Editor Will Gompertz interviewed gallery curators he
was shocked that they denigrated the work of people such as Emin and
Gormley.
One said their acclaim is a result of “too much fame, too much success and too little critical sifting”.
Another called Emin’s work “empty”, admitting it was only the high price that led curators to defend her work.
Ordinary people like you and me can appreciate art just as much as any culture snob.
We fully understand why the Mona Lisa, Van Gogh’s Sunflowers or the Adoration Of The Magi should be worth so much.
But an unmade bed? A shark floating in a tank of formaldehyde?
Cows cut in half? A face made from human blood? A cut-open pregnant
woman? Most modern art wouldn’t look out of place in a freak show. It
would be bad enough in a private collection but now it’s being plastered
all over the countryside.
I loved the considered opinion of a puzzled Ilfracombe pensioner
gazing at the bronze monstrosity towering over her seafront. “She’s a
bit, well, naked for my liking.”
She’s a bit too ugly for mine.
KalBarteski,
a Winnipeg artist, is warning others in the arts community to be
careful about what they post online, after her artwork was stolen and
sold at a major U.S. retailer.
On Tuesday, Barteski
discovered one of her paintings had been reprinted on a handbag and was
being sold at a J.C. Penney store in Florida — without her permission.
A friend had snapped a photo of it in the store and sent it to Barteski.
“I was really hoping it was just a copy, but it was the original,” she said.
Winnipeg
artist Kal Barteski found one of her paintings was taken without her
permission and used on a bag made by The Aldo Group.(Caroline
Barghout/CBC)
Barteski had posted the image on her website and found the exact same image used on the bag.
So
she tracked down the makers of the bag in Montreal — a company called
The Aldo Group, which operates stores across Canada under a number of
names, including Aldo, Little Burgundy and Globo.
Barteski called the company and demanded answers.
“I
kind of thought, ‘Is this actually worth it?’ because it happens all
the time. I thought, ‘We have to do something about it as artists, as
people,'” she said.
Barteski’s work has been taken without permission before, she added.
In the end, The Aldo Group offered Barteski a payout and a chance to collaborate on future projects.
Silvia
de Sousa is a business lawyer with Thompson, Dorfman, Sweatman LLP in
Winnipeg who does work on intellectual property cases.
She said that often people have no idea what they’re doing is wrong.
“In
most cases, I think the person that takes it doesn’t realize that just
because it’s on the internet, doesn’t mean that it’s free to take,” she
said.
Often, she said, a cease and desist order will resolve the
issue, but she recommends artists add a terms of service clause on their
website regarding their copyright.
That clause will let browsers know they do not have consent to take what’s on the site.
Barteski said it’s a tough balance for artists, who want to share their work with the public.
“I want to make things. I don’t want to spend my whole week policing the internet to see who’s stealing things,” she said.
Sandi
Slone, a painter, in her TriBeCa loft. Last year, she had to reapply
for artist certification, because she and her husband wanted to renovate
the loft where she paints.Nicole Bengiveno/The New York Times
About
every other month, an obscure mini-committee of two artists meets
behind closed doors at New York’s Department of Cultural Affairs on
Chambers Street. In their hands are stacks of applications from
self-described artists seeking formal certification from the city, giving the committee influence over millions of dollars in lucrative real estate deals.
Most
lofts in SoHo and NoHo, two fashionable neighborhoods in Lower
Manhattan, are legally reserved for artists. And not just any kind of
artist; only fine artists who create independent, original work, as
judged by the committee. Actors, dancers and musicians who interpret
other people’s work do not qualify, nor do commercial artists, such as
most graphic designers or architects.
Of
course, most modern-day buyers in SoHo, where the average apartment
sells for $2.85 million, and penthouse lofts can top $30 million, are
not artists, but people like bankers, foreign elites and celebrities. In
reality, the law is broadly flouted, even though a few co-op boards
still insist that residents be certified artists.
Launch media viewer
Jill
Platner, a jewelry designer and sculptor, in her SoHo store and
gallery. When she initially tried to receive artist certification, which
she needed to remain in her loft, she could not.Nicole Bengiveno/The New York Times
Seeking
more information about the closed-door process, The New York Times
submitted a Freedom of Information request for all the rejection letters
issued by the committee in the last several years. Back came 18
letters, providing a glimpse into how the city answers the age-old
question of what is art.
“Your
role as an advocate and advisor to filmmaking professionals is not in
the spirit of the guidelines,” read one rejection letter. “As a general
rule, Cultural Affairs does not certify actors,” read another letter.
Another:
“The applicant’s work does not demonstrate sufficient depth and
development over the 20 years since the awarding of his degree.”
In
the early 1970s, the state, seeking to legalize the large number of
artists who had moved into abandoned manufacturing buildings in SoHo and
elsewhere, and to maintain those buildings as artists’ havens, defined
an artist primarily as “a person who is regularly engaged in the fine
arts, such as painting and sculpture, or in the performing or creative
arts.” In those days, according to artists certified in that era, it was
easy to sail through.
In
1986, the city gave amnesty to all residents, artist or not, of an
increasingly fashionable SoHo, but also tightened the rules on who could
qualify as an artist, now requiring proof of “a serious consistent
commitment” to fine art as a primary vocation, evidence of “substantial
element of independent esthetic judgment and self-directed work,” and
documents proving they are professional artists. They must also
demonstrate the need for a large loft.
So when Jill Platner,
a jewelry designer and sculptor who has a store and gallery on Crosby
Street in SoHo, for example, tried in 2010 to receive artist
certification, which she needed to remain in her loft, she could not.
“The
committee’s conclusion is that your application materials reflect that
your primary vocation to be your jewelry business and not that of a
professional artist,” her rejection letter said.
“I
was very upset, obviously, to get that,” she said in an interview last
week at her gallery. “I thought, what do I need to do to show you I am
an artist?”
As
required, she had sent images of her work, recommendations, a fine art
résumé, and an essay describing her art form and need for a loft-size
space. But though she also creates large-scale sculptural works, like a
chain of steel chevrons cascading from the ceiling, the committee
objected that she had not yet had a significant show of her sculpture.
Once she had one, she reapplied and was certified.
“You
must twist like a pretzel to comply with these arbitrary and capricious
regulations, and what is the point of this?” said Margaret Baisley, a
real estate lawyer based in SoHo who guided Ms. Platner and has been
leading an effort to change the law. “The point of this in the 1970s was
to protect people who lived here illegally, but now the majority of
people who live here illegally are not artists. Aren’t they entitled to
the same protection?”
The
Department of Cultural Affairs has certified roughly 3,450 artists
since 1971, with the number of applicants shrinking each year as lofts
filled or grew too expensive for most artists. In 2013, 14 applied and
nine were accepted, the department said.
Sara
Reisman, the department official who signs the rejection letters, said
it was the committee’s job to apply the regulations, nothing more or
less. “There are so many ways a person can be an artist, and we are
aware of that,” Ms. Reisman said, “but if somebody doesn’t need the
space, and doesn’t have a consistent output of artwork, it’s hard for us
to certify them.”
She
said the certification committee consisted of two visual artists, who
receive a stipend of $25 per session. They are anonymous to protect them
from pushback by those they deny.
Defenders
of the zoning argue that it protects the hundreds of artists who are
believed to remain in the neighborhood, some of whom pay below-market
rents and could be evicted if they did not have the law’s protection.
But even Sean Sweeney, the director of the SoHo Alliance, and one of the requirement’s staunchest defenders, agrees that the city’s definition of artist is too strict.
“I
would open it up to everyone in a creative field, though that of
course, has its own problems,” he said. “Look what Bernie Madoff did;
that’s pretty creative.”
A
host of legal workarounds exist. Some buyers sign what co-op and condo
boards call a SoHo letter, accepting responsibility in case of any
problem. Some owners have asked certified artists to “occupy” their
lofts for at least one day a year, because the zoning regulation, which
requires an artist to occupy each loft, does not define the word
“occupy,” Ms. Baisley said.
Jon Bon Jovi, who put his penthouse loft
at 158 Mercer Street on the market last year for $42 million, is a
certified artist, qualifying as a music composer (he recently took his
apartment off the market after dropping the price). But many more
boldface names who live or have lived in the neighborhood presumably do
not have certification. A single triplex loft at 141 Prince Street, for
example, has been owned in the past decade by the media magnate Rupert
Murdoch; the design mogul Elie Tahari; and Ted Waitt, a co-founder of
Gateway computers.
The
Department of Buildings does not evict people for failure to comply,
but it does enforce the rule in the event of a specific complaint, or if
a building needs a new or updated certificate of occupancy, a
spokeswoman said.
Even artists who clearly fall under the city’s definition can find the rule irritating. Sandi Slone,
a well-known abstract painter, has had 40 solo shows; her work is in
the collection of the Museum of Modern Art. Last year, she had to
reapply for artist certification, because she and her husband wanted to
renovate their TriBeCa loft, where she paints.
“It was annoying; it took time,” she said. “But if you are an artist, it’s easy.” Her acceptance came in a couple of weeks.